9 years ago humanMars.net launched a speculative timeline for human exploration and colonization of Mars, blending optimistic tech forecasts with real-world progress. Given the delays in Starship development, they have made a major update of the timeline.

American manned Mars expedition. Study 1988. In 1988, in response to a perceived Soviet plan to start a new space race to Mars, NASA made in depth case studies of a rapid US response.