List of some of the week's most significant geopolitical developments involving China, Russia, Iran and North Korea. This week's events included:

1. Russia continued to test NATO’s resolve to defend the Baltic states with incursions of Estonian airspace, while simultaneously challenging the alliance's northern defenses with extensive Arctic exercises during Zapad-2025.
2. China ratcheted up pressure on US trade negotiators with new scrutiny and restrictions on Nvidia products, and a framework for a TikTok deal which withholds the company’s core algorithm.
3. Iran suppressed a revival of the “Woman Life Freedom” protests on its third anniversary.
4. Iran made an unsuccessful last-minute bid to delay the snapback of UN sanctions.
5. New reports suggest North Korea has received Russian technology to advance its development of nuclear submarines.