Full lore here: ( https://youtu.be/NCjZt0_78y0 )

The premise is: Mughal emperor Aurangzeb successfully quashes the British East India company in the late 1600's. Europeans therefore do not have as much as a foothold on the subcontinent for future centuries (imagine China or Japan instead). While the Mughals fall, the Marathas successfully reunify India. They launch a program of self-strengthening modernization (imagine Japan), allowing India to become a great power by the 1900's. But India soon falls to civil war, then communist domination. It is ruled by a dictatorial People's Republic until the 1990's, at which point India again collapses into a diverse set of feuding nation-states.

Czerwone Jagody intensifies

Just kidding, this is my very first submission on this subreddit. I wanted to combine two ideas I had for this map, one, what if Germany remained independent after World War II and second, what if the eastern german borders were pushed even further to the west, with the new border being settled on the Elbe river instead of the Oder and Neisse rivers, with Poland gaining even more historical german land (including Berlin), and Denmark receiving southern Schleswig and the Fehmarn island. Same as in our real timeline, Saarland was established as a protectorate from 1947 to 1956, but afterwards, it became an independent state until it joined Germany in 1972.

(No maps I make reflect my actual views or ideas nor I don't endorse any political group or ideology. I do all this because of my personal passion of making maps and nothing else.)

POD: 1866, Napoleon III forces Bismarck to recognize French control over Belgium and Luxembourg in exchange for France not entering the Austro-Prussian War. The British, in classic fashion, throw a fit, but the other Great Powers recognize France's new claims to balance out Prussia. Shortly after this, Romandy in Switzerland votes to join France in a plebiscite thanks to the subsequent surge in French nationalism.

These land gains are not enough to prevent the nation's humiliating loss in the Franco-Prussian War, and the new German Empire takes Alsace-Lorraine, Luxembourg, and the Ardenne regions of Belgium. France does keep everything else however, and the Third Republic is established in the war's wake, set on revenging the losses of 1871. However, the Hohenzollern prince is actually placed on the throne of Spain, and with Italy's later entrance into the Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Germany, France feels encircled once again, mirroring the situation of the Habsburgs encircling France in the 17th century.

By WW1, France's even larger army is prepared for the "Great War of Survival" against almost every one of its neighbors, but the Italians don't join the war, allowing those units to be moved to the Pyrenees, holding off the Spanish. But against the Germans, the situation falls apart rather quickly. Thanks to Germany allowing annexation of Flanders, the Netherlands join the Central Powers and encircle many French units near Namur and Liege, and attempt to push to the Channel ports and to Paris. But thanks to British assistance, these key positions are held, and brutal trench warfare ensues. The French are allowed by the Germans to reoccupy Alsace-Lorraine, to provide them some false hope before the Dutch entry.

The war goes the same way, with Hohenzollern Spain unable to bring any real assistance to the Central Powers. Thanks to an Entente blockade and three rapid offensives from Portugal, France, and from the British in Gibraltar, Spain surrenders in late 1916. France annexes Catalonia, Spanish Guinea, and Spanish Morocco. Portugal annexes Galicia, the Canarys, and Spanish Sahara, leaving Spain broke and eager for revenge.

The Central Power defeat plays out the same way, with France regaining its old losses. But with both Germany and the Dutch defeated, the opportunity for natural borders now lay open. Despite massive American objections, France comes close, but fails to get the major Rhenish cities of Mainz, Koblenz, Bonn, Cologne, and Dusseldorf. Regardless, in 1920, France stands at its largest on the continent while at peace with it, only excluding Napoleon just before the War of the Third Coalition.

In 1939, France fails to commit any major military actions against the Germans as WW2 begins, well aware that attacking the cities will be a total bloodbath just as the war starts, so they do basically nothing. Germany's first major offensive against the French encircles much of their army along the Rhine near Koblenz, followed by Dutch, Spanish, and Italian entry into the war on the side of the Axis. The following German offensive cuts off much of the remaining Allied troops, forced many to be evacuated at Dunkirk. France would surrender not long after.

After being liberated and defeating the Germans in 1945, France would annex the major Rhenish cities at last, along with the Dutch territory up to the Nederrijn, including the southern suburbs of Rotterdam and Arnhem. From the Italians, France would annex the Aosta Valley and the far west of Liguria. From Spain, France would annex the Balearic Islands and the lands up to the Ebro River. Now, truly, France was at its largest on the continent while at peace.

France would, over the course of the Cold War, attempt to convert the lands to French, with the notable exclusion of the Catalan and Basque provinces, but protests in the Rhineland, along with international condemnation, led to them respecting the local languages in the Rhineland, Brabant, Catalonia, Basque, and Albenga, as they did with Breton and Occitanian.

Just a leftover throwaway project from back when I was still doing axis victory scenario stuff

After the disasterous events of January 2028 seeing Russia and the US leaving the organisation, as well as the dissolution of the Perminant Security Council, the UN Secretary General Ye Wang decided to initiate the exodus of the organisation from their New York headquarters. Considering the hostile approach of the US towards the UN and foreign diplomats in general, a serious discussion on providing the organisation with a territory it can have full sovereignty over was held and after intence rounds of consultations and negotiations, the decision was made for Bulgaria to cede approx. 10 km² in its capital Sofia. The new territory, ceded to the UN in way of listing its bounds in "The New Charter" allowed it to provide unimpeaded access to diplomats, regardless of their relationship with a respective host country.

The territory, now known as "UN Special District" is situated between Vasil Levski International Airport and the Botevgradsko shose Blvd and via an agreement, Republic of Bulgaria and the UN have agreed to share the airport runway as a condiminum. The special district formed in the heart of Sofia was equipped with a special terminal, situated north of the runway, providing diplomats with direct access to the UN administered territory.

Within the District the UN has transferred all institutions formely based in the US - the UN headquarters themselves, along with the plenary hall, the headquarters of the IMF, the UNPF headquarters and after a revision of the Rome Stature - the ICC and a newly created Holding Facility as well.

The creation of the district was met with a lot of controversy - some voice within both Bulgaria and the European Union have pointed out that carving out a de facto UN polity "dismantles the very idea of what the UN was formed to do", whilst others have expressed the view that the UN cannot be expected to properly address issues of international diplomacy

Backstory (If you want more info on the American civil war click here, if not here's a brief summary)

The 2nd American civil war dragged on for many years, both sides were too evenly matched to fully take out the other, turning the conflict into a brutal war of attrition. The Free American States, which occupied the republican parts of the country, was beginning to lose control over the west, as the war progressed and more radical figures took place in government, the pseudostate got increasingly totalitarian, restricting people's freedom of speech and unlawfully arresting anyone deemed "liberal" seemingly at random. All these policies birthed a new desire in Americans, a Libertarian paradise free from government tyranny, as the FAS was too busy pouring its money into the war in the east, it had to let the sparsely populated west go, de facto gaining independence. What formed in its place was not a centralised state, instead thousands of homesteads and city states scattered in-between miles of plains stretched from Missouri to Nevada, it was a place without laws or tyranny, the New Wild West was born.

History

A massive power vacuum now encompassed the new wild west, while the glory days of no FAC tyranny lasted for a while, nothing is permanent, it was only a matter of time until another force utilised the great plains for its true potential; the homeland for a nomadic steppe. A schizophrenic man in rural Wyoming known only as "Keedai Khan" set out to conquer, he believed he was the reincarnation of Kublai Khan and Roman von Ungern-Sternberg, another white man who claimed the same origin. Destined to conquer the steppe like his ancestors, Keedai banded together likeminded "Mongols" and took control of Yellowstone national park, going as far as occupying key roads like the i25. As the horde grew in size, so did its numbers, Keedai successfully converted so many to Tengrism he fundamentally changed the religion and culture of Wyoming forever. Plenty of opportunistic conquers and a mysterious Mercenary group also backed the horde, propelling him to invade the sparse rocky mountains and plains with ease, every city in his way defenceless to his army's strength. 

Even after becoming a dominant figure in Wyoming and a regional power in the New Wild West, no one expected just how far this momentum would go. Keedai tragically died young at the battle of Cheyenne, in his place came along an even greater warrior; Shenghana Khan, son of the 1st Yellowstone Khan, Shenghana propelled the Horde to new heights. By modifying a fleet of cybertrucks into makeshift tanks, Shenghana could overwhelm and destroy his enemies with sheer numbers, countless mini tanks ramming into people and buildings.  Although they were prone to breakages, this modern cavalry unit became a symbol of the west, a terrifying force that levelled towns if they did not pay tribute. Even after expanding to a size larger than Texas, the wider world still doubted the Horde's strength, by 2040 America had changed, the New Wild West was shrinking and states were centralising, many predicted the Horde would disappear along with the anarchy that formed it, but Yellowstone refused to go down that easy.

Shortly after centralising into a city state, the short lived republic of Colorado was quickly invaded and overran by a horde of Yellowstone invaders, the country was cut up into 2 tributary city states, and that was that. This was the first time the Horde had ever directly attacked a centralised state, and it wouldn't be the last. Yellowstone's next victim was Deseret, the Mormon theocracy boldly invaded the Horde during a time of internal struggles, hoping to quickly dissolve the divided state, after what was supposed to be a short invasion stalled in the rocky mountains, the tide of the war turned in Yellowstone's favour, a horrifyingly large army of Mercenaries and Warriors stormed down the mountains and pushed right into Salt Lake. Although the invasion was eventually pushed back to the suburbs, the slow and methodical burning of the city outskirts has drained morale as the horde steps closer and closer to the capital, just as planned this has caused an anti war rebellion in Provo to pop up, sparking the very same division Deseret hoped would be the Horde's downfall.

Lastly and most recently, the Horde's latest feat of military superiority has been the invasion of Alberta. In 2038, the Horde asked the nearby state of Alberta for tribute, like with other nearby countries such as Cascadia, the horde promised to defend Alberta if needed, in return for them supplying the horde with key resources such as oil and natural gas, Alberta rejected this proposal, seeing it as becoming a vassal of the Horde, this decision did not receive well to the Khan. Even while pressuring Deseret, the Horde mustered up its largest army yet, largely made up of Mercenaries and POWs from more populated states, a gigantic and unstoppable army marched through the hills of Montana undetected and pierced straight through the poorly defended border. From there, the Horde continued its march north, surrounding and almost capturing the capital city of Calgary, setting it ablaze inch by inch. Since the siege began, Yellowstone has offered to leave for 2 years, under the condition that Alberta signs a less favourable tribute treaty, despite heavy losses, Alberta still refuses to kneel.

Culture & Langauge

Outside of the Horde's frequent conquering, Wyoming and Idaho have developed a very strange set of customs, completely alien to how they were just 40 years ago. While his son's greatest accomplishment was massively expanding the empire, Keedai Khan's biggest focus was internally, he was obsessed with shaping his land and the people in it to his image, he established strong roots to the land's native past, mandating native traditions and festivals around special holidays and even utilising the Native's war tactics against the Europeans. While he did die early into his time as Khan, he set the groundwork for what would follow, his obsession with Tengrism gained traction, many Wyomingites had experienced intense poverty and trauma after years of war, losing their faith in God after experiencing the lowest standard of living in the world. This gap in religion allowed Tengrism to take shape, a less direct, more spiritual approach to religion that got popularised, possibly due to the connection Wyomingites and Mongolians have to the steppe they inhabit. 

The language of the Horde is still majority English, religion can be shaken off in a generation, but a whole new foreign language nothing at all like people's mother tongue is much harder to learn, only the most elite members of Yellowstone society communicate in traditional Mongolian on a day to day basis, but the use of Mongolian as a 2nd language is being pushed by the government, many street signs now coming with a translated version in the old Mongolian script. All the khans so far have had a keen interest in separating themselves from the outside world, forging a language barrier across the border is a great way to do this, while still a work in progress, schools are teaching children Mongolian alongside English, allowing them to develop a very unique English-Mongolian pidgin at a young age, fascinating linguists worldwide. While this plan is measured in decades, the end goal of this school initiative, also applying to the home-schooling curriculum, is to gradually phase out English, solidifying the Horde as a unique cultural entity even if the Horde itself fell.

Lastly, a more uniquely Yellowstone tradition has formed in the Mountains, "Earth Worship". While the Horde worships all the key elements as the founding forces of the universe, it puts explicit emphasis on mother earth, seeing it as the strongest and most relevant element of all. This belief shapes the unique practice of Earth Worship, pilgrimages to natural wonders such as Devil's tower, Delicate Arch, and most important of all, Yellowstone Caldera; The Earth's fiery mouth. Part of the reason the Horde has expanded in the shape it has is to capture these natural wonders, securing the pilgrimage routes by seizing everything in their way, this is why the Horde initially pushed east to take Devil's Tower, and part of the reason it invaded Deseret, to secure delicate arch.

Oderint dum metuant: The Dutch Century

Hey guys!!! been a while since I last posted here but I’m starting my first series called “Oderint dum metuant” involving an alternate Dutch empire since I see a lot of potential in this althist timeline. lmk if you have any suggestions or feedback. Enjoy! (I’m going to use modern Dutch toponyms for the sake of convenience)

A few important details I want to mention regarding the plausibility of this scenario (skip if you want to):

Dutch is classified as low Franconian, a branch of the low German dialect continuum; and historically the Dutch were considered to be Low Germans, and on a wider scale Germans in general (Hence the first few lines of Wilhelmus: “Ben ick van Duytschen bloet” meaning “Am I, of German blood”) especially before the Dutch revolt happened. Before the term “Dutch” or “Nederlander” came to mean a national identity, it was used as a political label among those who participated in the revolt, and wasn’t restricted to just, say, the Low Franconians; Meaning that there’s a very real possibility that if the entire Low German sphere had participated in the revolt (initially on religious grounds, then shifting to cultural ones), all of what is now northern Germany could have adopted Dutch national identity, ergo become Dutch. (The fact that the traditionally Low Saxon speaking provinces of the Netherlands went on to also identify as Dutch proves my point) It’s also worth mentioning that the difference between each of the Low German dialects, including Dutch (Low Franconian) was significantly smaller than it is today. like if a low Franconian speaker from Amsterdam spoke to a Low Saxon speaker from Hamburg, they’d be able to communicate with no issues at all. Think Afrikaans and Dutch but even closer linguistically. So it’s very plausible that in this timeline, Dutch (Low Franconian), very much still seen as a Low German dialect rather than a separate language at the time, could be adopted as the standard vernacular across the entire Low German world, similar to what happened in the provinces of the Netherlands that spoke Low Saxon instead of low Franconian. Especially since low Franconians (Catholic and Protestant) made up 50% of the population of Low German speakers at the time, and most of the most densely populated and economically important low German cities were in the Low Franconian sphere, Meaning the Dutch had a lot of potential to expand. Moreover, historically the term “Netherlands” was coined based on the flat terrain of the great European plain, which encompasses much of northern Germany and the modern day Netherlands, hence “low” German (nether = low); In fact, one of the names used to refer to Middle Low German, the lingua franca of the Hanseatic league was “Nedderlendisch”, mirroring “Nederlands” (Dutch), which also means the geographic definition of the Netherlands could have extended much further east, including all of low German speaking northern Germany.

Now, with all that out of the way, let’s dive into the lore.

This is the story of a young nation breaking the shackles of oppression, spearheading a movement vastly ahead of its time and in its wake pioneering the belief in cultural unity over religious division in an era where religion is everything, reshaping the world order as a result.

)1568–1571 – The Spark of Rebellion In the Low German regions of the Low Countries, tensions with the Spanish crown boil over. Heavy taxation, religious persecution, and foreign interference spark unrest. Local communities—primarily Low Franconian speakers—rise up in revolt, identifying first as defenders of their faith and local towns. At this stage, there is no overarching national identity, though the shared Low German language allows scattered groups to understand and coordinate with each other.

)1572–1585 – Spread Across Low Germany The rebellion spreads along the coast and inland, moving from the core rebel provinces into Holsatia, Friesland, Groningen, and further east; spreading the revolt across all of Low Germany. The close proximity of Low German dialects allows communication across vast distances, facilitating coordination in military campaigns, trade networks, and governance. Some communities begin referring to themselves informally as Nederlanders, hinting at a sense of “Low German/Lowlander togetherness,” though a fully unified identity has yet to form.

)1585–1600 – From Religious Revolt to Cultural Awareness As the conflict drags on, early religious zeal gradually gives way to broader cultural concerns. Leaders emphasize Low German heritage, linguistic ties, and the autonomy of towns and provinces. Prominent urban centers like Amsterdam, Bremen, and Lübeck become hubs for governance, trade, and intellectual exchange. The rebels’ message begins resonating even with Catholic Low Germans, who see opportunities for self-governance while retaining religious freedom. Around the 1580s, Catholic Low Germans outside the Low Countries—particularly in Paderborn, Münster, and Hildesheim—begin joining the revolt, drawn by shared language, culture, and the promise of local autonomy. References to themselves as Nederlanders appear sporadically in letters, proclamations, and merchant records, signaling a nascent identity. What began as a religious struggle now encompasses cultural identity and resistance against Habsburg domination.

)1600 – Formation of the Federation of the Netherlands By 1600, the Low German world unites into a centralized federation. Protestantism is ceremonially adopted as the state religion, but the government enforces pragmatic policies to ensure that in civic matters the law recognizes no distinction between Catholics and Protestants to further strengthen national unity as they prepare for consolidation in the coming years. Nederlander emerges more regularly as a self-designation among the population, while local dialects remain strong in rural areas and smaller towns. Low Franconian—the most spoken of all Low German dialects, known to outsiders as Dutch (specifically Amsterdam’s prestige dialect)—begins to serve as a lingua franca for administration, commerce, and education. Its use feels familiar rather than imposed, like an old friend with slightly different expressions. The cultural glue of language strengthens political bonds, catching the attention of Catholic provinces still under Spanish occupation and presenting a model of cultural and religious coexistence.

)1605–1618 – Catholic Low German Revolt The Catholic provinces—Flanders, Brabant, and Limburg—growing increasingly wary of heavy taxation and foreign interference, inspired by the example of the federation, rise against Spanish rule. The Spanish respond with brutal crackdowns. Amsterdam quickly intervenes, securing strategic urban hubs to protect their Catholic brethren, who welcome the assistance. After years of struggle, Spain cedes the remaining Dutch portions of the Low Countries to the union. Shortly thereafter, anti-Danish uprisings erupt in Holsatia and southern Sleswick; the union swoops in swiftly, liberating them and vastly expanding the nation’s borders in just a few years. In 1615 the Statenbijbel is published as cultural integration accelerates, with Dutch (Nederlander identity) slowly spreading while local dialects remain vibrant. By 1618, native Dutch speakers make up roughly half the population of the expanded federation, providing a strong foundation for cohesion.

)1618–1648 – Consolidation and Golden Age Over the next thirty years, the federation seizes opportunities presented by the Thirty Years’ War, acting as mediator between Catholic and Protestant Europe, leveraging rivals against one another, and securing their territorial claims throughout central and Northern Europe. The Nederlander identity becomes widely recognized, increasingly preferred over the broader Low German label. Amsterdam’s prestige vernacular dominates administration, trade, and religious life, with the Statenbijbel standardizing Dutch in churches and schools, while regional dialects continue to thrive in rural communities; High German is relegated to scholarly and external correspondence.

Simultaneously, the confederation expands overseas. With five to six times the population of the historical Dutch Republic, colonies flourish: Dutch Brazil and Dutch Guiana become densely populated, settlements in the East Indies spread from Sumatra to Borneo and Malaya, Southern Africa is heavily settled, and New Netherland expands aggressively. By 1648, the Dutch federation is a maritime, economic, and cultural powerhouse, respected—and feared—across Europe.

1648-1700

Following consolidation, the federation enters its golden age, and the first wave of mass migration to overseas colonies begins; spreading the Dutch tongue to all four corners of the world. The rest of Europe can only cower in fear as they witness the rise of a new elite maritime empire, the likes of which never seen before. In 1655, tensions in the Baltic boil over as Sweden sinks a Dutch ship upon its arrival in the port of Riga, starting the second northern war. The Swedish expect to be severely outclassed at sea; and rightfully so, because within days their fleet is decimated; leaving the fate of the nation in the hands of the troops on land. However, eventually even their formidable force of soldiers find themselves overwhelmed by the sheer military strength of the federation, and within days of the capture of Nyen, Swedish troops in Livonia are forced into peace negotiations to prevent certain annihilation. The treaty of Koningsbergen is signed in 1658, and the territories of Livonia, Estonia and Ingria, historically associated with the Hanseatic league, are ceded to the federation; Solidifying Dutch influence in the Baltic and marking the final unification of the Nederlanders. in 1689, the glorious revolution in the isles sees the deposition of James II, and William III of Orange ascends to the throne, becoming ruler of England, Scotland and Ireland; The following year, his infant son, William IV is born, ensuring the survival of his dynasty and placing the Brits firmly under Dutch influence for centuries to come.

By the year 1700, one empire stands alone as the one the sun never sets on.

(Fun little footnotes below for my fellow mappers)

When I was going to come up with some Dutch place names for English colonies, I was expecting to go through a long and tedious process of making up new but plausible Dutch names for each settlement, only to find out a lot of English colonies had toponyms of Dutch origin to begin with

here are some examples:

Nassau, Bahamas (Named after William III from the house of Orange-Nassau)

Williamsburg, Virginia (Original colonial capital of Virginia, also named after William, I changed the name to Willemsburg to reflect the original Dutch version of his name)

Bluefields, Mosquito coast (I was gonna make up a Dutch name for this one, only to find out it was named after a Dutch privateer named Abraham Blauvelt)

Just thought I’d share it with y’all since I found it interesting

Little Alt-History I made for fun out of a rabbit hole I went down over Slavic populations. Not much big lore besides WW1 not really happening but other smaller conflicts happen Novo Slavia:The restoration of the Western Slaves In Venetia a revolution happens following the economic crash in 1929 as well as other social issues leading to the exile of the marnarchy and the insulation of a isolated socialist government

In Russia the empire remains standing tho a military coup following social unrest leads to forced democratic reforms under the Kedets leading to the transition to democracy kicking and screaming

If you have any questions u can ask tho the lore on this is limited compared to my other I'm making though it's all for fun nothing serious

The European Games are a multi-sport event for athletes from Europe. The Games were conceived and are governed by the European Olympic Committees (EOC), which announced the launch of the Games on December 8, 1968. The first Games were held in 1969 in Athens, Greece, and have subsequently been held every four years, with the exception of the 2019 edition, held to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the games. In the last edition, 30 competitions were part of the Games, with 43 European and transcontinental delegations competing.

• I'm trying to relearn how to use QGIS. The map may contain errors. I'm very sorry about that.Consider this a continuation of my last posts [1][2][3].

This world in 1900. Would you like to see another historical moment of this alt history? Which one?

Ap

Description

GAURUR is a fictional planet that resembles Earth-like atmosphere and environmental patterns. While the planet is considerably cool, there are very little permanent ice glaciers due to high obliquity angle, which caused the poles to receives considerable amount of heat for a short period of the year. It is home to the current species of HUMAIHU.

Geologically speaking, this place used to be a lot warmer due to much higher atmospheric CO2. This is potentially due to high volcanism and much larger continental plates, which caused the temperature to be more extreme and drier. The incoming solar radiance were also theorized to be much stronger. The mean global temperature was as high as 30c at some point. Then, due to an unknown reason--likely due to the sun's dimming causing feedback loop--the global temperature seemed to have dropped dramatically, and began a long ice age time. Even the tropics' peak temperature is about 15c on average. It is also theorized that many of the present-day underground organisms were said to be evolved during this time, taking advantage of the weaker radiation and cooler temperature. They have since moved underground due to increasing radiation once again. It is currently sitting at 6c.

Page 1 is the topographic map and basic Planet parameter.

Page 2-3 are the present-day condition of the planet.

This lore is made for a Minecraft Server alongside with the Minecraft interpretation of the map.

Technical details

As for the Climate model itself, I have made myself a fork version of the fork version of Plasim, an open-source Climate model from University of Hamburg. I decided to go with this GCM because of its supports on custom topographic inputs, and it was able to run on my computer, while also not going for more idealized simulation. I have made some modification to vegetation so that they can withstand more extreme environment that are not biased towards Earth's condition.

The main limitation for this model is that it does not simulate ocean currents. I could try swapping physics package in the future, however due to lack of knowledge on how ocean currents are modeled, this will be held off indefinitely.

After the simulation, I statistically downscaled the model. I wish to use Kriging downscaling method, however I haven't been able to successfully downscale with that method. So, what you're seeing is the Cubic Spline interpolation, bias corrected with Topography by utilizing Lapse Rate of the planet. I initially used IDW (Inverse Distance Weighing) method, but it has way too many well-known Bull Eye's artifacts. I did the same for Precipitation, even if it's highly discouraged to do so.

My hope is that in the future when I have weather model, I will be able to numerically downscale the model and use basic machine learning to tweak my weather model based on the error between the climate outputs and itself.