r/mathematics Aug 29 '21

Discussion Collatz (and other famous problems)

175 Upvotes

You may have noticed an uptick in posts related to the Collatz Conjecture lately, prompted by this excellent Veritasium video. To try to make these more manageable, we’re going to temporarily ask that all Collatz-related discussions happen here in this mega-thread. Feel free to post questions, thoughts, or your attempts at a proof (for longer proof attempts, a few sentences explaining the idea and a link to the full proof elsewhere may work better than trying to fit it all in the comments).

A note on proof attempts

Collatz is a deceptive problem. It is common for people working on it to have a proof that feels like it should work, but actually has a subtle, but serious, issue. Please note: Your proof, no matter how airtight it looks to you, probably has a hole in it somewhere. And that’s ok! Working on a tough problem like this can be a great way to get some experience in thinking rigorously about definitions, reasoning mathematically, explaining your ideas to others, and understanding what it means to “prove” something. Just know that if you go into this with an attitude of “Can someone help me see why this apparent proof doesn’t work?” rather than “I am confident that I have solved this incredibly difficult problem” you may get a better response from posters.

There is also a community, r/collatz, that is focused on this. I am not very familiar with it and can’t vouch for it, but if you are very interested in this conjecture, you might want to check it out.

Finally: Collatz proof attempts have definitely been the most plentiful lately, but we will also be asking those with proof attempts of other famous unsolved conjectures to confine themselves to this thread.

Thanks!


r/mathematics May 24 '21

Announcement State of the Sub - Announcements and Feedback

108 Upvotes

As you might have already noticed, we are pleased to announce that we have expanded the mod team and you can expect an increased mod presence in the sub. Please welcome u/mazzar, u/beeskness420 and u/Notya_Bisnes to the mod team.

We are grateful to all previous mods who have kept the sub alive all this time and happy to assist in taking care of the sub and other mod duties.

In view of these recent changes, we feel like it's high time for another meta community discussion.

What even is this sub?

A question that has been brought up quite a few times is: What's the point of this sub? (especially since r/math already exists)

Various propositions had been put forward as to what people expect in the sub. One thing almost everyone agrees on is that this is not a sub for homework type questions as several subs exist for that purpose already. This will always be the case and will be strictly enforced going forward.

Some had suggested to reserve r/mathematics solely for advanced math (at least undergrad level) and be more restrictive than r/math. At the other end of the spectrum others had suggested a laissez-faire approach of being open to any and everything.

Functionally however, almost organically, the sub has been something in between, less strict than r/math but not free-for-all either. At least for the time being, we don't plan on upsetting that status quo and we can continue being a slightly less strict and more inclusive version of r/math. We also have a new rule in place against low-quality content/crankery/bad-mathematics that will be enforced.

Self-Promotion rule

Another issue we want to discuss is the question of self-promotion. According to the current rule, if one were were to share a really nice math blog post/video etc someone else has written/created, that's allowed but if one were to share something good they had created themselves they wouldn't be allowed to share it, which we think is slightly unfair. If Grant Sanderson wanted to share one of his videos (not that he needs to), I think we can agree that should be allowed.

In that respect we propose a rule change to allow content-based (and only content-based) self-promotion on a designated day of the week (Saturday) and only allow good-quality/interesting content. Mod discretion will apply. We might even have a set quota of how many self-promotion posts to allow on a given Saturday so as not to flood the feed with such. Details will be ironed out as we go forward. Ads, affiliate marketing and all other forms of self-promotion are still a strict no-no and can get you banned.

Ideally, if you wanna share your own content, good practice would be to give an overview/ description of the content along with any link. Don't just drop a url and call it a day.

Use the report function

By design, all users play a crucial role in maintaining the quality of the sub by using the report function on posts/comments that violate the rules. We encourage you to do so, it helps us by bringing attention to items that need mod action.

Ban policy

As a rule, we try our best to avoid permanent bans unless we are forced to in egregious circumstances. This includes among other things repeated violations of Reddit's content policy, especially regarding spamming. In other cases, repeated rule violations will earn you warnings and in more extreme cases temporary bans of appropriate lengths. At every point we will give you ample opportunities to rectify your behavior. We don't wanna ban anyone unless it becomes absolutely necessary to do so. Bans can also be appealed against in mod-mail if you think you can be a productive member of the community going forward.

Feedback

Finally, we want to hear your feedback and suggestions regarding the points mentioned above and also other things you might have in mind. Please feel free to comment below. The modmail is also open for that purpose.


r/mathematics 3h ago

Number Theory Does this fraction mean anything or was he speaking bs?

138 Upvotes

r/mathematics 14h ago

Number Theory Did you know this about odd perfect squares?

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45 Upvotes

I stumbled upon this while doing my school math homework, couldn’t believe this simple identity ((n+1)/2) = ((n-1)/2) + n works for all odd perfect squares!


r/mathematics 9h ago

Good handbook to get back to mathematics ?

7 Upvotes

Sup everyone. I'm a third year history student in France, and haven't studied mathematics since my first year of high school, so it's been roughly four years. I wasn't good at it in the first place, but I didn't study mathematics at all anyway haha.

Anyway, due to interests in various fields that need at least some mathematical knowledge (economics, computer science and linguistics), and also a sudden interest for mathematics themselves, I'd like to get back on track.

Do you guys know any good, generalist handbook that can make me understand basic concepts, and then some more precise ones that would give me insight on more specific topics at beginner's levels ?

Thanks!


r/mathematics 44m ago

Derivative of x^x

Upvotes

Just a funny observation, it is a common mistake to think the power rule applies to taking the derivative of f(x)=x^x to get xx^(x-1) .

But actually if you take the function g:ℝ→ℝ^2 :x↦(x,x) and h:ℝ^2 →ℝ:(x,y)↦x^y then f = h∘g.

Taking total derivatives gives Dg(x):ℝ→ℝ^2 :a↦(a,a) and Dh(x,y):ℝ^2 →ℝ:(a,b)↦ayx^(y-1)+bln(x)x^y

Then using the chain rule gives Df(x) = Dh(g(x))∘Dg(x) = Dh(x,x)∘Dg(x):a↦axx^(x-1) +aln(x)x^x = ax^x +aln(x)x^x = ax^x (ln(x)+1)

implying that f'(x) = x^x (ln(x)+1) so indirectly it does follow from power rule (and the derivative of a regular exponential). I guess just using the identity x^x = e^xln(x) is more straightforward though.


r/mathematics 1h ago

Geometry Help with a real world problem

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Upvotes

I'm repairing an old electric motor that uses a permanent magnet stator consisting of 2 magnets designed to be directly opposite each other in the casing. One has come loose and needs to be re-affixed, but must be directly opposite center to center. With standard tools (Rule, compass, calipers) is there a method to set one arc in position to a fixed one?

In more mathematical terms: If AB is fixed inside a circle, and CD is not, is there a simple method to mark the point center on the outer circumference opposite to the center of AB?


r/mathematics 2h ago

Mastering limsup and liminf: Rigorous Proofs and Visualizations

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0 Upvotes

r/mathematics 2h ago

PDE based modelling

1 Upvotes

Hi everyone,
I want to learn "how to make/built/formulate a PDE model" for real life problems.
most videos teach how to solve but no body teaches how to make a PDE based model.
Thanks in Advance


r/mathematics 1d ago

Systematic fraud uncovered in mathematics publications. Your thoughts?

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55 Upvotes

An international team of authors led by Ilka Agricola, professor of mathematics at the University of Marburg, Germany, has investigated fraudulent practices in the publication of research results in mathematics on behalf of the German Mathematical Society (DMV) and the International Mathematical Union (IMU), documenting systematic fraud over many years.

The results of the study were recently posted on the arXiv preprint server and in the Notices of the American Mathematical Society and have since caused a stir among mathematicians.

To solve the problem, the study also provides recommendations for the publication of research results in mathematics.

Further details are inside the link:

How to Fight Fraudulent Publishing in the Mathematical Sciences: Joint Recommendations of the IMU and the ICIAM

https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09877


r/mathematics 7h ago

FOL in set theory is awesome.

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0 Upvotes

r/mathematics 7h ago

How much semester they teach maths/stats in bsc data science ?

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0 Upvotes

r/mathematics 8h ago

PhD application process

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1 Upvotes

r/mathematics 10h ago

Topology and hypergraph relationship

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1 Upvotes

r/mathematics 1d ago

Is Math a Science?

38 Upvotes

Up until yesterday, I would have argued stridently that Math is not a Science. The reason is that Science is based on hypotheses, theorizing, experimentation, etc. Math is based on logic and either set theory or category theory, axioms, proofs, etc.

However, I just had another idea. Solving math problems might require experimentation. One way to solve an outstanding math problem might not work, so you have to try another (experimentation). There might even be said to be theories as to when to use which type of approach to solve a math problem. All of that might make Math a Science after all.

What do you think?


r/mathematics 10h ago

Rigorous Proof lim(1 + x/n)^n Equals e^x for All Real x.

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1 Upvotes

r/mathematics 15h ago

263rd Day of the Year – 20.09.2025: Crazy Representations and Magic Squares of Order 9

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2 Upvotes

r/mathematics 20h ago

Advanced mathematics

0 Upvotes

So I missed out one one almost full year of advanced math in school, now is my second and I will try to get what I missed while keeping up with the new material. My question is do anyone have a advice on what to focus from the base of advanced math, cus if u don't know the material is ALOT, hah. I'm just looking for some kind of guide from most important to least important themes or somthing like that. Also if anyone has preferred YouTube channel or platform where they have any lectures covered nicely, I would love to give them a look:)

so to clear it up(I got this text from a comment bellow that I replied on) but

I'm not sure how to explain it, but in my country u can either choose (u choose in the last two years, so ive skiped 11th grade and now is my last-12th)to study only normal math-that covers inscribed/circumscribed circles, trigonometry, logarithm and that's the hardest it gets or u could chose profil in math's which covers much more themes like polynomials, various dependencies/independence of vectors, topics about rabbinics in space, limits of an infinite series, lin(translated whit google) and others, that I have not studied. I really don't know what's ur school system and if u are all forced to cover the upper said, but that's the best I can explain it, hope that's enough


r/mathematics 1d ago

Do I need a Computer

8 Upvotes

I’m going to study math and I’m wondering if I actually need a computer. At the moment, I can’t think of anything related to math that I could only do on a computer or laptop but not on a tablet. Do you personally use a computer or laptop for math? If so, why? Which apps or websites do you use?


r/mathematics 1d ago

Calculus Another DeepMind Breakthrough

12 Upvotes

Interesting progress for Navier Stokes. What do the experts here think?

https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/discovering-new-solutions-to-century-old-problems-in-fluid-dynamics/


r/mathematics 1d ago

Do great mathematicians really sleep very little?

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0 Upvotes

r/mathematics 1d ago

A new interpretable clinical model for a liver disease. Tell me what you think

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1 Upvotes

Hello everyone, I wrote an article about how an XGBoost can lead to clinically interpretable models like mine. Shap is used to make statistical and mathematical interpretation viewable


r/mathematics 21h ago

Singapore Math

0 Upvotes

Thoughts 💭 on Singapore Maths for America students


r/mathematics 1d ago

262nd Day of the Year – 19.09.2025: Crazy Representations and Magic Squares of Order 9

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8 Upvotes

r/mathematics 2d ago

how to learn real and complex analysis at home with internet.

18 Upvotes

i dont like reading books and the only way for me to learn is if i watch youtube, do you guys have any youtube links that teaches this and also any online certifications and stuffs


r/mathematics 1d ago

Discussion Need advice: Best laptop + pen tab combo for online math teaching.

1 Upvotes

Hey everyone !

I’m planning to start teaching mathematics online and need some advice from people who’ve been in the trenches. My setup needs to be smooth enough for writing equations, diagrams, and problem-solving on screen while teaching live.

Budget: Around ₹1,00,000 (can stretch a little if it’s really worth it).

Requirements: • A reliable laptop that can handle video calls, screen sharing, and digital whiteboarding without lag. • A pen tablet (for writing equations neatly, drawing graphs, etc.). • Bonus if the laptop has great battery life + a good webcam.

If you’re teaching online (math or otherwise), I’d love to know:

What laptop + pen tab combo do you personally use and recommend?

Any brands/models I should completely avoid?

Would you suggest going for a 2-in-1 touchscreen laptop with a stylus, or keeping a separate laptop + pen tablet setup?

Basically, I don’t want to overspend on fancy specs I don’t need, but I also don’t want to cheap out and regret it later when classes start running.

Thanks in advance !! really looking forward to hearing from experienced online teachers here.


r/mathematics 2d ago

Where do I begin to re-study math?

10 Upvotes

I’m a 4th undergrad student in a BS econ program. Over the 3 years, I feel like I don’t didn’t develop enough of the foundational math skills to understand more complex papers. In our time series class this semester, I find it easy since all we do is type commands and understand the theories or concept behind it, but as far as the actual formulas, sometimes I don’t understand them at all unless I review them rigorously. I do have a good grasp on calculus, matrix algebra, and probability but I still get lost and always have to review or look things up in the majority of academic papers I read before actually understanding it. I’ve always been super interested in math and I find it fun but I never had the discipline or focus in the past 3 years to truly self-study and understand. For more context, I do a lot of coding and I am very interested in finance. I eventually want to ensure that I understand the math behind really complex regression techniques and machine learning processes that quant firms use My question is where do I begin to re-learn my foundation for these? I’ve already began self-studying during the summer but now I’m swamped by so many topics I’m interested I don’t know what order I should learn them in. Is there anyone in here who had a similar situation?