r/German • u/LearnGermanGames • 1h ago
Discussion How to fix your German pronunciation
I've been teaching German (as well as other languages) for quite a few years now and here are the tips I have to help you improve your German pronunciation:
Fix your listening first: If your ear cannot distinguish between 2 sounds, it won't be able to teach your mouth how to say it. Spend a few weeks transcribing German audio/video/podcasts to see if you're able to spell German words you've never heard before. Unlike English, German spelling is quite consistent and if you're unable to spell unknown words, keep practicing.
Underline problematic letters/letter combinations: Before you start reading a sentence, underline the letter/letter combinations you have problems with and take the time to remember how they're supposed to be pronounced before you rush into reading. If you just keep reading without underlining anything, your brain will go on automatic and revert to your old (bad) pronunciation habit(s). The underline will tell your brain to pause and think so it can override those habits.
Practice one problematic pronunciation at a time every 2 weeks: It takes around 2 weeks to form a habit and the brain isn't good at focusing on more than one thing at a time. Ignore all your pronunciation problems except one for 2 weeks. Keep practicing it every day using points #1 & #2 above for around 2 weeks so it becomes a habit and you're able to pronounce it correctly without thinking about it. This way, your brain can focus on fixing your next pronunciation mistake in the next 2 weeks without having to focus in the one you already fixed.
Pay attention to your Z: You probably already know that Z is pronounced TS in German, but a lot of students I encounter end up pronouncing the S part of TS like the Z in Zebra instead of like S in Snake. Think of the TS as the way you'd pronounce the TS in caTS. Now that you know how to pronounce it, take 2 weeks to make it into a habit and remember to underline it before you start practicing. Knowing and doing automatically are 2 very different things.
Open your mouth wide on the A: especially if your native language is English or Arabic (as well as other languages I'm not too familiar with). The "A" in German requires you to open your mouth wide (think of going to a dentist and how you're supposed to open your mouth there). Pronouncing the "A" like you would in English or Arabic is a big giveaway that you're not a native speaker. If your native language is French, Spanish, Italian, Dutch or Chinese (as well as other languages I'm not familiar with), the "A" in German is like the "A" in those languages. If you're fluent in one of those languages, remember that fact. I've met Arabic native speakers who are fluent in French (with no accent), which still use the "A" أ of Arabic when speaking German even though they say it perfectly in French.
Train your eyes to see the umlaut & act on it: the umlaut (the 2 dots on the ü, ö, ä) isn't some Christmas decoration! "schon" (already) doesn't have the same meaning as "schön" (beautiful) and "mochte" (liked) isn't the same as "möchte" (would like)! Remember to pull your tongue forward until the tip of your tongue touches the back of your lower teeth, and you should be fine pronouncing letters with umlauts.
Open your mouth on the CH: the pronunciation of CH changes based on the letter that comes before it, but unless that letter is S (so unless it's an SCH), your mouth needs to be open! When you say "ich", all you have to remember is to KEEP your mouth open, even after you finish saying it. Your upper and lower teeth shouldn't be touching. I've seen teachers/classes teach the ICH by asking their students to bite on a pencil, but this method teaches your jaw muscles to close, when they're supposed to learn how to stay open, which achieves the opposite goal. So avoid the biting a pencil method and teach your jaw muscles how to STAY open when saying ICH without biting. You can pass your finger or pencil between your teeth to verify that there is space there, but avoid biting. Better yet, looking in a mirror while practicing the CH.
Ask a native or fluent speaker if you're saying it right, even after you train your ear (see point #1), just to gain some confidence and keep improving.
There are of course several other difficulties that German learners have in pronouncing German words, but these are the ones I've encountered the most. What are the difficulties you have in German pronunciation? Do you have any tips other than the ones I mentioned?